David’s Military Census// Exodus 30:11–16; 2 Samuel 24:1–9
1Then Satan rose up against Israel and incited David to take a census of Israel. 2So David said to Joab and the commanders of the troops, “Go and count the Israelites from Beersheba to Dan and bring me a report, so that I may know their number.”
- 1CH 21:1[DEMONIC]Satan rises against Israel and incites David to count the people
- 1CH 21:1[TEXT]WHO STIRRED UP DAVID? 2 Samuel 24:1 says Yahweh stirred up David. This verse says Satan did. Many think this is the first time Satan is used as a name in the Bible. See the Big Question pages Who Caused the Census? in 2 Samuel.
3But Joab replied, “May Yahweh multiply His troops a hundred times over. My lord the king, are they not all servants of my lord? Why does my lord want to do this? Why should he bring guilt on Israel?”
4Nevertheless, the king’s word prevailed against Joab. So Joab departed and traveled throughout Israel, and then he returned to Jerusalem. 5And Joab reported to David the total number of the troops. In all Israel there were 1,100,000 men who drew the sword, including 470,000 in Judah. 6But Joab did not include Levi and Benjamin in the count, because the king’s command was detestable to him.
Judgment for David’s Sin// 2 Samuel 24:10–14
7This command was also evil in the sight of God; so He struck Israel.
8Then David said to God, “I have sinned greatly because I have done this thing. Now I beg You to take away the iniquity of Your servant, for I have acted very foolishly.”
9And Yahweh instructed Gad, David’s seer, 10“Go and tell David that this is what Yahweh says: ‘I am offering you three options. Choose one of them, and I will carry it out against you.’”
11So Gad went and said to David, “This is what Yahweh says: ‘You must choose 12between three years of famine, three months of being swept away before your enemies and overtaken by their swords, or three days of the sword of Yahweh—days of plague upon the land, with the angel of Yahweh ravaging every part of Israel.’ Now then, decide how I should reply to Him who sent me.”
13David answered Gad, “I am deeply distressed. Please, let me fall into the hand of Yahweh, for His mercies are very great; but do not let me fall into the hands of men.”
A Plague on Israel// 2 Samuel 24:15–17
14So Yahweh sent a plague upon Israel, and seventy thousand men of Israel fell dead.
15Then God sent an angel to destroy Jerusalem, but as the angel was doing so, Yahweh saw it and relented from the calamity, and He said to the angel who was destroying the people, “Enough! Withdraw your hand now!”
At that time the angel of Yahweh was standing by the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.
- 1CH 21:15[NOTE]ENOUGH! God speaks these words to the angel, so they print red.
16When David lifted up his eyes and saw the angel of Yahweh standing between heaven and earth, with a drawn sword in his hand stretched out over Jerusalem, David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell facedown. 17And David said to God, “Was it not I who gave the order to count the people? I am the one who has sinned and acted wickedly. But these sheep, what have they done? O Yahweh my God, please let Your hand fall upon me and my father’s house, but do not let this plague remain upon Your people.”
- 1CH 21:16[MIRACLE]David sees the angel of Yahweh with a drawn sword over Jerusalem
David Builds an Altar// 2 Samuel 24:18–25
18Then the angel of Yahweh ordered Gad to tell David to go up and build an altar to Yahweh on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite. 19So David went up at the word that Gad had spoken in the name of Yahweh.
- 1CH 21:18[FIELD NOTES]ORNAN is Araunah in 2 Samuel 24:16. See the Araunah's Threshing Floor Field Notes page in 2 Samuel.
20Now Ornan was threshing wheat when he turned and saw the angel; and his four sons who were with him hid themselves. 21David came to Ornan, and when Ornan looked out and saw David, he left the threshing floor and bowed facedown before David.
22Then David said to Ornan, “Grant me the site of this threshing floor, that I may build an altar to Yahweh. Sell it to me for the full price, so that the plague upon the people may be halted.”
23Ornan said to David, “Take it! May my lord the king do whatever seems good to him. Look, I will give the oxen for the burnt offerings, the threshing sledges for the wood, and the wheat for the grain offering—I will give it all.”
24“No,” replied King David, “I insist on paying the full price, for I will not take for Yahweh what belongs to you, nor will I offer burnt offerings that cost me nothing.”
- 1CH 21:24[NOTABLE]Ornan offered David everything for free. David said no. Real worship costs something.
25So David paid Ornan 15 pounds of gold for the site. 26And there he built an altar to Yahweh and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. He called upon Yahweh, who answered him with fire from heaven on the altar of burnt offering.
- 1CH 21:25[NOTE]2 Samuel 24:24 says 1¼ pounds of silver. Many think Samuel gives the price of the floor and oxen, and Chronicles the price of the whole hilltop.
- 1CH 21:26[MIRACLE]God answers David with fire from heaven on the altar
27Then Yahweh spoke to the angel, who put his sword back into its sheath.
28At that time, when David saw that Yahweh had answered him at the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite, he offered sacrifices there. 29For the tabernacle of Yahweh that Moses had made in the wilderness and the altar of burnt offering were presently at the high place in Gibeon, 30but David could not go before it to inquire of God, because he was afraid of the sword of the angel of Yahweh.