Solomon’s Foreign Wives
1King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women. 2These women were from the nations about which Yahweh had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, for surely they will turn your hearts after their gods.” Yet Solomon clung to these women in love. 3He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away.
- 1KI 11:2[DEMONIC]Solomon's wives turn his heart to Ashtoreth, Chemosh, and Molech
- 1KI 11:3[NOTE]700 WIVES. The king was told not to take many wives, or his heart would turn away, Deuteronomy 17:17. See the Big Question pages Solomon's Wisdom and 700 Wives.
4For when Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart after other gods, and he was not wholeheartedly devoted to Yahweh his God, as his father David had been. 5Solomon followed Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians and Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. 6So Solomon did evil in the sight of Yahweh; unlike his father David, he did not follow Yahweh completely.
- 1KI 11:4[HEART]Solomon's wives turned his heart away. His heart was not fully devoted like David's.
7At that time on a hill east of Jerusalem, Solomon built a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab and for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites. 8He did the same for all his foreign wives, who burned incense and sacrificed to their gods.
- 1KI 11:7[NOTE]MOLECH. Worship of Molech included burning children in the fire. God's law forbade it, Leviticus 18:21. The wisest king built a shrine for that god. About 300 years later, King Josiah tore it down, 2 Kings 23:13.
God’s Anger against Solomon
9Now Yahweh grew angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned away from Yahweh, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice. 10Although He had warned Solomon explicitly not to follow other gods, Solomon did not keep Yahweh’s command.
- 1KI 11:9[HEART]Yahweh was angry with Solomon because his heart had turned away, even though God had appeared to him twice.
11Then Yahweh said to Solomon, “Because you have done this and have not kept My covenant and My statutes, which I have commanded you, I will tear the kingdom away from you and give it to your servant. 12Nevertheless, for the sake of your father David, I will not do it during your lifetime; I will tear it out of the hand of your son. 13Yet I will not tear the whole kingdom away from him. I will give one tribe to your son for the sake of My servant David and for the sake of Jerusalem, which I have chosen.”
- 1KI 11:11[PROPHECY]God told Solomon the kingdom would be torn from his son but one tribe spared for David's sake → 1KI 12
Hadad’s Return
14Then Yahweh raised up against Solomon an adversary, Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom.
15Earlier, when David was in Edom, Joab the commander of the army had gone to bury the dead and had struck down every male in Edom. 16Joab and all Israel had stayed there six months, until he had killed every male in Edom. 17But Hadad, still just a young boy, had fled to Egypt, along with some Edomites who were servants of his father.
18Hadad and his men set out from Midian and went to Paran. They took men from Paran with them and went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house and land and provided him with food.
19There Hadad found such great favor in the sight of Pharaoh that he gave to him in marriage the sister of Queen Tahpenes, his own wife. 20And the sister of Tahpenes bore Hadad a son named Genubath. Tahpenes herself weaned him in Pharaoh’s palace, and Genubath lived there among the sons of Pharaoh.
21When Hadad heard in Egypt that David had rested with his fathers and that Joab, the commander of the army, was dead, he said to Pharaoh, “Let me go, that I may return to my own country.”
22But Pharaoh asked him, “What have you lacked here with me that you suddenly want to go back to your own country?”
“Nothing,” Hadad replied, “but please let me go.”
Rezon’s Hostility
23And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah, 24and had gathered men to himself. When David killed the Zobaites, Rezon captained a band of raiders and went to Damascus, where they settled and gained control.
25Rezon was Israel’s enemy throughout the days of Solomon, adding to the trouble caused by Hadad. So Rezon ruled over Aram with hostility toward Israel.
Jeroboam’s Rebellion
26Now Jeroboam son of Nebat was an Ephraimite from Zeredah whose mother was a widow named Zeruah. Jeroboam was a servant of Solomon, but he rebelled against the king, 27and this is the account of his rebellion against the king.
Solomon had built the supporting terraces and repaired the gap in the wall of the city of his father David. 28Now Jeroboam was a mighty man of valor. So when Solomon noticed that the young man was industrious, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the house of Joseph.
29During that time, the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite met Jeroboam on the road as he was going out of Jerusalem. Now Ahijah had wrapped himself in a new cloak, and the two of them were alone in the open field.
30And Ahijah took hold of the new cloak he was wearing, tore it into twelve pieces, 31and said to Jeroboam, “Take ten pieces for yourself, for this is what Yahweh, the God of Israel, says: ‘Behold, I will tear the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon, and I will give you ten tribes. 32But one tribe will remain for the sake of My servant David and for the sake of Jerusalem, the city I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel.
- 1KI 11:31[PROPHECY]Ahijah tore his cloak into twelve pieces and gave Jeroboam ten tribes → 1KI 12:16; 1KI 12:20
33For they have forsaken Me to worship Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the Ammonites. They have not walked in My ways, nor done what is right in My eyes, nor kept My statutes and judgments, as Solomon’s father David did.
- 1KI 11:33[DEMONIC]Israel forsook God for Ashtoreth, Chemosh, and Milcom
34Nevertheless, I will not take the whole kingdom out of Solomon’s hand, because I have made him ruler all the days of his life for the sake of David My servant, whom I chose because he kept My commandments and statutes. 35But I will take ten tribes of the kingdom from the hand of his son and give them to you. 36I will give one tribe to his son, so that My servant David will always have a lamp before Me in Jerusalem, the city where I chose to put My Name. 37But as for you, I will take you, and you shall reign over all that your heart desires, and you will be king over Israel.
- 1KI 11:35[PROPHECY]One tribe would stay with Solomon's son so David would always have a lamp in Jerusalem → 1KI 12:20
38If you listen to all that I command you, walk in My ways, and do what is right in My sight in order to keep My statutes and commandments as My servant David did, then I will be with you. I will build you a lasting dynasty just as I built for David, and I will give Israel to you. 39Because of this, I will humble David’s descendants—but not forever.’”
40Solomon therefore sought to kill Jeroboam. But Jeroboam arose and fled to Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, where he remained until the death of Solomon.
- 1KI 11:40[ARCHAEOLOGY]Pharaoh Shishak, Sheshonq I, is named on his own victory carving at Karnak, see the Shishak at Karnak Field Notes page
The Death of Solomon// 2 Chronicles 9:29–31
41As for the rest of the acts of Solomon—all that he did, as well as his wisdom—are they not written in the Book of the Acts of Solomon? 42Thus the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years.
- 1KI 11:41[NOTE]THE BOOK OF THE ACTS OF SOLOMON is one of the old sources the writer of Kings names. It has been lost. See the Big Question pages Who Wrote Kings?
43And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.