Reproof and Respect
1Do not rebuke an older man, but appeal to him as to a father.
Treat younger men as brothers, 2older women as mothers, and younger women as sisters, with absolute purity.
Honoring True Widows// Ruth 1:1–5
3Honor the widows who are truly widows. 4But if a widow has children or grandchildren, they must first learn to show godliness to their own family and repay their parents, for this is pleasing in the sight of God.
5The widow who is truly in need and left all alone puts her hope in God and continues night and day in her petitions and prayers. 6But she who lives for pleasure is dead even while she is still alive.
7Give these instructions to the believers, so that they will be above reproach. 8If anyone does not provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.
- 1TI 5:8[NOTABLE]In context, Paul means caring for your own widowed mother or grandmother, 5:4 and 5:16, instead of leaving it to the church. Even unbelievers take care of family. A believer who will not is worse.
9A widow should be enrolled if she is at least sixty years old, faithful to her husband, 10and well known for good deeds such as bringing up children, entertaining strangers, washing the feet of the saints, imparting relief to the afflicted, and devoting herself to every good work.
11But refuse to enroll younger widows. For when their passions draw them away from Christ, they will want to marry, 12and thus will incur judgment because they are setting aside their first faith. 13At the same time they will also learn to be idle, going from house to house and being not only idle, but also gossips and busybodies, discussing things they should not mention.
14So I advise the younger widows to marry, have children, and manage their households, denying the adversary occasion for slander. 15For some have already turned aside to follow Satan.
16If any believing woman has dependent widows, she must assist them and not allow the church to be burdened, so that it can help the widows who are truly in need.
Honoring Elders
17Elders who lead effectively are worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching. 18For the Scripture says, “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain,” and, “The worker is worthy of his wages.”
- 1TI 5:18[QUOTES]Direct ← DT 25:4
- 1TI 5:18[NOTE]CALLED SCRIPTURE. Paul quotes two things and calls both Scripture: Deuteronomy 25:4, and The worker is worthy of his wages, the words of Jesus in Luke 10:7. It is one of the earliest times a saying of Jesus is called Scripture. Some scholars think Paul knew the saying by word of mouth, not from Luke's book. Peter calls Paul's letters Scripture too, 2 Peter 3:16.
19Do not entertain an accusation against an elder, except on the testimony of two or three witnesses. 20But those who persist in sin should be rebuked in front of everyone, so that the others will stand in fear of sin.
- 1TI 5:19[QUOTES]Quotes ← DT 19:15
A Charge to Timothy
21I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus and the elect angels to maintain these principles without bias, and to do nothing out of partiality.
22Do not be too quick in the laying on of hands and thereby share in the sins of others. Keep yourself pure.
23Stop drinking only water and use a little wine instead, because of your stomach and your frequent ailments.
- 1TI 5:23[NOTE]A LITTLE WINE. Timothy had been drinking only water. Paul tells him to use a little wine for his stomach, since water was often unsafe. The Greek word oinos means real wine. In 1869 Thomas Welch made grape juice for communion, and many churches in the anti alcohol movement taught that Bible wine was juice. Most scholars say it was fermented, Ephesians 5:18. Paul says a little, and leaders must not be given to much wine, 3:3 and 3:8.
24The sins of some men are obvious, going ahead of them to judgment; but the sins of others do not surface until later. 25In the same way, good deeds are obvious, and even the ones that are inconspicuous cannot remain hidden.