John 18

The Betrayal of Jesus// Matthew 26:47–56; Mark 14:43–52; Luke 22:47–53

¹After Jesus had spoken these words, He went out with His disciples across the Kidron Valley, where they entered a garden. ²Now Judas His betrayer also knew the place, because Jesus had often met there with His disciples. ³So Judas brought a band of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees. They arrived at the garden carrying lanterns, torches, and weapons.

• JN 18:2[FULFILLS]Have I not chosen you, the twelve, and one of you is a devil? He spoke of Judas Iscariot, for it was he who would betray Him ← JN 6:70-71

⁴Jesus, knowing all that was coming upon Him, stepped forward and asked them, “Whom are you seeking?”

⁵“Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered.

Jesus said, “I am He.”

And Judas His betrayer was standing there with them. ⁶When Jesus said, “I am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground.

• JN 18:6[MIRACLE]The soldiers draw back and fall when Jesus says I am He

⁷So He asked them again, “Whom are you seeking?”

“Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered.

⁸“I told you that I am He,” Jesus replied. “So if you are looking for Me, let these men go.” ⁹This was to fulfill the word He had spoken: “I have not lost one of those You have given Me.”

¹⁰Then Simon Peter drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.

¹¹“Put your sword back in its sheath!” Jesus said to Peter. “Shall I not drink the cup the Father has given Me?”

• JN 18:11[FULFILLS]It pleased the Father to crush Him ← IS 53:10a

¹²Then the band of soldiers, with its commander and the officers of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound Him. ¹³They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year. ¹⁴Caiaphas was the one who had advised the Jews that it would be better if one man died for the people.

• JN 18:13[FULFILLS]He would be judged ← IS 53:8b
• JN 18:13[FIELD NOTES]A bone box carved with the name of this high priest's family was found in 1990. See The Caiaphas Ossuary Field Notes page in Matthew.
• JN 18:14[FULFILLS]Caiaphas prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation and gather God's scattered children ← JN 11:50-52

Peter’s First Denial// Matthew 26:69–70; Mark 14:66–68; Luke 22:54–57

¹⁵Now Simon Peter and another disciple were following Jesus. Since that disciple was known to the high priest, he also went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest. ¹⁶But Peter stood outside at the door. Then the disciple who was known to the high priest went out and spoke to the doorkeeper, and brought Peter in.

¹⁷At this, the servant girl watching the door said to Peter, “Aren’t you also one of this man’s disciples?”

“I am not,” he answered.

• JN 18:17[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

¹⁸Because it was cold, the servants and officers were standing around a charcoal fire they had made to keep warm. And Peter was also standing with them, warming himself.

Jesus before the High Priest// Matthew 26:57–68; Mark 14:53–65; Luke 22:66–71

¹⁹Meanwhile, the high priest questioned Jesus about His disciples and His teaching.

²⁰“I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret. ²¹Why are you asking Me? Ask those who heard My message. Surely they know what I said.”

²²When Jesus had said this, one of the officers standing nearby slapped Him in the face and said, “Is this how You answer the high priest?”

²³Jesus replied, “If I said something wrong, testify as to what was wrong. But if I spoke correctly, why did you strike Me?”

²⁴Then Annas sent Him, still bound, to Caiaphas the high priest.

Peter’s Second and Third Denials// Matthew 26:71–75; Mark 14:69–72; Luke 22:58–62

²⁵Simon Peter was still standing and warming himself. So they asked him, “Aren’t you also one of His disciples?”

He denied it and said, “I am not.”

• JN 18:25[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

²⁶One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with Him in the garden?”

• JN 18:26[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

²⁷Peter denied it once more, and immediately a rooster crowed.

• JN 18:27[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

Jesus before Pilate// Matthew 27:11–14; Luke 23:1–5

²⁸Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and unable to eat the Passover.

²⁹So Pilate went out to them and asked, “What accusation are you bringing against this man?”

• JN 18:29[FIELD NOTES]A stone carved with Pilate's name and title was found in 1961. See The Pilate Stone Field Notes page in Luke.

³⁰“If He were not a criminal,” they replied, “we would not have handed Him over to you.”

³¹“You take Him and judge Him by your own law,” Pilate told them.

“We are not permitted to execute anyone,” the Jews replied. ³²This was to fulfill the word that Jesus had spoken to indicate the kind of death He was going to die.

³³Pilate went back into the Praetorium, summoned Jesus, and asked Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?”

³⁴“Are you saying this on your own,” Jesus asked, “or did others tell you about Me?”

³⁵“Am I a Jew?” Pilate replied. “Your own people and chief priests handed You over to me. What have You done?”

³⁶Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world; if it were, My servants would fight to prevent My arrest by the Jews. But now My kingdom is not of this realm.”

³⁷“Then You are a king!” Pilate said.

“You say that I am a king,” Jesus answered. “For this reason I was born and have come into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to My voice.”

• JN 18:37[FULFILLS]A witness to the people ← IS 55:4aMEDIUM

³⁸“What is truth?” Pilate asked.

And having said this, he went out again to the Jews and told them, “I find no basis for a charge against Him. ³⁹But it is your custom that I release to you one prisoner at the Passover. So then, do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”

• JN 18:38[FULFILLS]Innocent and had done no violence ← IS 53:9b

⁴⁰“Not this man,” they shouted, “but Barabbas!” (Now Barabbas was an insurrectionist.)