Luke 22

The Plot to Kill Jesus// Matthew 26:1–5; Mark 14:1–2; John 11:45–57

¹Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, ²and the chief priests and scribes were looking for a way to put Jesus to death, for they feared the people.

• LK 22:2[FULFILLS]The righteous one mocked as God's son ← WIS 2:12-20 (Apocrypha, not Scripture)

Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus// Matthew 26:14–16; Mark 14:10–11

³Then Satan entered Judas Iscariot, who was one of the Twelve. ⁴And Judas went to discuss with the chief priests and temple officers how he might betray Jesus to them. ⁵They were delighted and agreed to give him money. ⁶Judas consented, and began to look for an opportunity to betray Jesus to them in the absence of a crowd.

• LK 22:3[DEMONIC]Satan enters Judas

Preparing the Passover// Matthew 26:17–19; Mark 14:12–16

⁷Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed. ⁸Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”

⁹“Where do You want us to prepare it?” they asked.

¹⁰He answered, “When you enter the city, a man carrying a jug of water will meet you. Follow him to the house he enters, ¹¹and say to the owner of that house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’ ¹²And he will show you a large upper room, already furnished. Make preparations there.”

• LK 22:10[PROPHECY]Go into the city to a certain man, and say to him, 'The Teacher says, My time is at hand; I will keep the Passover at your house.' A man carrying a pitcher of water will meet you → Fulfilled

¹³So they went and found it just as Jesus had told them. And they prepared the Passover.

The Last Supper// Matthew 26:20–30; Mark 14:17–26; 1 Corinthians 11:17–34

¹⁴When the hour had come, Jesus reclined at the table with His apostles. ¹⁵And He said to them, “I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before My suffering. ¹⁶For I tell you that I will not eat it again until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”

• LK 22:15[PROPHECY]I have desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; I will not eat of it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God → Fulfilled at His crucifixion later that same week
• LK 22:15[FULFILLS]Exodus deliverance extended to messianic deliverance ← DT 16:3

¹⁷After taking the cup, He gave thanks and said, “Take this and divide it among yourselves. ¹⁸For I tell you that I will not drink of the fruit of the vine from now on until the kingdom of God comes.”

¹⁹And He took the bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is My body, given for you; do this in remembrance of Me.”

²⁰In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.

• LK 22:20[FULFILLS]God would make a new covenant, write His law on hearts, and remember sins no more ← JER 31:31-34
• LK 22:20[FULFILLS]Messenger of the New Covenant ← MAL 3:1cMEDIUM

²¹Look! The hand of My betrayer is with Mine on the table. ²²Indeed, the Son of Man will go as it has been determined, but woe to that man who betrays Him.”

• LK 22:21[PROPHECY]One of you will betray Me → MT 26:47-50
• LK 22:22[PROPHECY]Truly, the Son of Man goes as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom He is betrayed → Fulfilled by Judas that night; Judas's woe fulfilled in his subsequent suicide (Matt 27:5)

²³Then they began to question among themselves which of them was going to do this.

Who Is the Greatest?

²⁴A dispute also arose among the disciples as to which of them should be considered the greatest. ²⁵So Jesus declared, “The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them, and those in authority over them call themselves benefactors. ²⁶But you shall not be like them. Instead, the greatest among you should be like the youngest, and the one who leads like the one who serves. ²⁷For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines? But I am among you as one who serves.

²⁸You are the ones who have stood by Me in My trials. ²⁹And I bestow on you a kingdom, just as My Father has bestowed one on Me, ³⁰so that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Jesus Predicts Peter’s Denial// Matthew 26:31–35; Mark 14:27–31; John 13:36–38

³¹Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift all of you like wheat. ³²But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith will not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.”

• LK 22:31[PROPHECY]Simon, Simon, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for you, that your faith should not fail; and when you have returned to Me, strengthen your brethren → Fulfilled in Peter's denial (LK 22:54-62), restoration (JN 21:15-19), and leadership from Acts onward

³³“Lord,” said Peter, “I am ready to go with You even to prison and to death.”

³⁴But Jesus replied, “I tell you, Peter, the rooster will not crow today until you have denied three times that you know Me.”

• LK 22:34[PROPHECY]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times → MT 26:70; MT 26:72; MT 26:74-75; MK 14:68; MK 14:70-72; LK 22:57-58; LK 22:60-62; JN 18:17; JN 18:25-27

³⁵Then Jesus asked them, “When I sent you out without purse or bag or sandals, did you lack anything?”

“Nothing,” they answered.

³⁶“Now, however,” He told them, “the one with a purse should take it, and likewise a bag; and the one without a sword should sell his cloak and buy one. ³⁷For I tell you that this Scripture must be fulfilled in Me: ‘And He was numbered with the transgressors.’ For what is written about Me is reaching its fulfillment.”

• LK 22:37[PROPHECY]This which is written must yet be accomplished in Me: 'And He was numbered with the transgressors' (Isa 53:12) → Fulfilled at the crucifixion
• LK 22:37[QUOTES]Direct ← IS 53:12

³⁸So they said, “Look, Lord, here are two swords.”

“That is enough,” He answered.

Jesus Prays on the Mount of Olives// Matthew 26:36–46; Mark 14:32–42

³⁹Jesus went out as usual to the Mount of Olives, and the disciples followed Him. ⁴⁰When He came to the place, He told them, “Pray that you will not enter into temptation.”

⁴¹And He withdrew about a stone’s throw beyond them, where He knelt down and prayed, ⁴²“Father, if You are willing, take this cup from Me. Yet not My will, but Yours be done.”

⁴³[Then an angel from heaven appeared to Him and strengthened Him. ⁴⁴And in His anguish, He prayed more earnestly, and His sweat became like drops of blood falling to the ground.]

• LK 22:43[MIRACLE]An angel strengthens Jesus in Gethsemane
• LK 22:43[TEXT]Verses 43 and 44 are in brackets because some of the oldest manuscripts, like Papyrus 75 and Codex Vaticanus, do not have them. Other very old copies do, and Justin Martyr and Irenaeus knew about the bloody sweat in the 100s. Scholars are split on whether Luke wrote them.

⁴⁵When Jesus rose from prayer and returned to the disciples, He found them asleep, exhausted from sorrow. ⁴⁶“Why are you sleeping?” He asked. “Get up and pray so that you will not enter into temptation.”

The Betrayal of Jesus// Matthew 26:47–56; Mark 14:43–52; John 18:1–14

⁴⁷While He was still speaking, a crowd arrived, led by the man called Judas, one of the Twelve. He approached Jesus to kiss Him. ⁴⁸But Jesus asked him, “Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?”

⁴⁹Those around Jesus saw what was about to happen and said, “Lord, should we strike with our swords?” ⁵⁰And one of them struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear.

• LK 22:50[MIRACLE]Jesus heals the servant's ear

⁵¹But Jesus answered, “No more of this!” And He touched the man’s ear and healed him.

⁵²Then Jesus said to the chief priests, temple officers, and elders who had come for Him, “Have you come out with swords and clubs as you would against an outlaw? ⁵³Every day I was with you in the temple courts, and you did not lay a hand on Me. But this hour belongs to you and to the power of darkness.”

Peter Denies Jesus// Matthew 26:69–75; Mark 14:66–72; John 18:15–18

⁵⁴Then they seized Jesus, led Him away, and took Him into the house of the high priest. And Peter followed at a distance.

• LK 22:54[FULFILLS]Simon, Simon, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for you, that your faith should not fail; and when you have returned to Me, strengthen your brethren ← LK 22:31-32

⁵⁵When those present had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and sat down together, Peter sat down among them. ⁵⁶A servant girl saw him seated in the firelight and looked intently at him. “This man also was with Him,” she said.

⁵⁷But Peter denied it. “Woman, I do not know Him,” he said.

• LK 22:57[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

⁵⁸A short time later, someone else saw him and said, “You also are one of them.”

But Peter said, “Man, I am not.”

• LK 22:58[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

⁵⁹About an hour later, another man insisted, “Certainly this man was with Him, for he too is a Galilean.”

⁶⁰“Man, I do not know what you are talking about,” Peter replied.

And immediately, while he was still speaking, the rooster crowed. ⁶¹And the Lord turned and looked at Peter.

• LK 22:60[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

Then Peter remembered the word that the Lord had spoken to him: “Before the rooster crows today, you will deny Me three times.” ⁶²And he went outside and wept bitterly.

• LK 22:61[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38
• LK 22:62[FULFILLS]Peter, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times ← MT 26:34; MK 14:30; LK 22:34; JN 13:38

The Soldiers Mock Jesus// Isaiah 50:4–11; Matthew 27:27–31; Mark 15:16–20; John 19:1–15

⁶³The men who were holding Jesus began to mock Him and beat Him. ⁶⁴They blindfolded Him and kept demanding, “Prophesy! Who hit You?” ⁶⁵And they said many other blasphemous things against Him.

• LK 22:63[FULFILLS]The righteous one mocked as God's son ← WIS 2:12-20 (Apocrypha, not Scripture)

Jesus before the Sanhedrin// Matthew 26:57–68; Mark 14:53–65; John 18:19–24

⁶⁶At daybreak the council of the elders of the people, both the chief priests and scribes, met together. They led Jesus into their Sanhedrin and said, ⁶⁷“If You are the Christ, tell us.”

Jesus answered, “If I tell you, you will not believe. ⁶⁸And if I ask you a question, you will not answer. ⁶⁹But from now on the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God.”

• LK 22:69[ALLUDES TO]Refers to ← PS 110:1

⁷⁰So they all asked, “Are You then the Son of God?”

He replied, “You say that I am.”

⁷¹“Why do we need any more testimony?” they declared. “We have heard it for ourselves from His own lips.”